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From Abroad to a Maryland Driver's License: A Newcomer's Guide

Welcome to Maryland! As you settle into your new life, obtaining a Maryland driver's license is a key step toward navigating the state with ease. The process for drivers from other countries can seem complex, but this guide will break it down into clear, manageable steps, including special rules for certain nations.

The First Question: Does Maryland Have a Reciprocity Agreement with My Country?

This is the most critical starting point. If you hold a valid, unexpired driver's license from a country that has a reciprocity agreement with Maryland, the process is significantly easier.

The Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) has reciprocity agreements with the following countries:

  • Canada
  • France
  • Germany
  • Republic of Korea (South Korea)
  • Republic of China (Taiwan)
  • Yukon Territory

What Reciprocity Means for You

If your license is from one of these countries or territories, you are exempt from the knowledge (written) test and the skills (road) test. You will only need to pass the vision screening, provide all the necessary documentation, and complete the mandatory drug and alcohol education program.

The Process for Drivers from Reciprocal Countries

If you hold a license from one of the nations listed above, here is your streamlined path:

  1. Complete the Drug & Alcohol Program: All new license applicants in Maryland, regardless of origin, must complete a 3-Hour Alcohol and Drug Education Program. This can be done online through an MVA-licensed provider. You will receive a certificate upon completion.
  2. Gather Your Documents: Collect your valid foreign license, proof of identity, lawful U.S. status, Social Security number (or proof of ineligibility), and two proofs of Maryland residency.
  3. Visit an MVA Full-Service Branch: Schedule an appointment online.
  4. Surrender Your License: You will be required to surrender your foreign driver's license.
  5. Pass Vision Test & Pay Fees: Pass the simple vision screening, have your photo taken, and pay the required fee. You will then be issued your Maryland driver's license.

The Full Process for Drivers from All Other (Non-Reciprocal) Countries

If your country is not on the reciprocity list, you must complete the full licensing process like any new driver.

Step 1: Complete the 3-Hour Alcohol and Drug Education Program

Before you can even apply for a learner's permit, you must complete this mandatory 3-hour course. It is offered by many MVA-licensed driving schools, often online. You will need the certificate of completion for your MVA visit.

Step 2: Gather Your Required Documentation

This is the most critical part of the process. You must have the correct original or certified documents.

  • Proof of Identity and Lawful Presence: Your unexpired foreign passport with a valid U.S. visa and an I-94 arrival/departure record are the primary documents. A Permanent Resident Card (Green Card) or other valid USCIS documents are also acceptable.
  • Your Valid Foreign Driver's License: You must present your current, unexpired license.
  • Certified English Translation: If your license is not in English, you must provide a certified translation. The MVA has a list of approved translators on its website.
  • Proof of Social Security Number (or ineligibility): You must present your Social Security card. If you are not eligible for one, you must provide a letter from the Social Security Administration stating this.
  • Two Proofs of Maryland Residency: You need two documents proving you live in Maryland, dated within the last 90 days. They must show your name and current address. Examples include:
    • Utility bills (gas, electric, water)
    • Bank statement
    • Residential lease agreement
    • Official government mail

Step 3: Study the Maryland Driver's Manual

To pass the knowledge test, you must study the official Maryland Driver's Manual. It covers all of Maryland's traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving practices. You can download a free copy from the MVA website.

Step 4: Pass the Vision and Knowledge Tests to Get a Learner's Permit

Schedule an appointment at an MVA full-service branch. At the appointment, you will:

  1. Present all your documents, including your drug and alcohol course certificate.
  2. Pass the Vision Test.
  3. Take the Written Knowledge Test.

Upon passing, you will be issued a Maryland Learner's Permit.

Step 5: Practice Driving and Schedule the Skills Test

With your learner's permit, you must hold it for a minimum period (usually 30-45 days for adults) before you can take the road test. This is your time to practice, especially the closed-course maneuvers like the two-point turnabout.

  • Scheduling: You must schedule your skills (road) test appointment online in advance.
  • The Test: You must provide a vehicle that is properly registered and insured. An MVA examiner will test you on a closed course.

Step 6: Receive Your Maryland Driver's License

After successfully passing your skills test, you will pay the final fees and be issued your official Maryland driver's license.

The process for international drivers requires careful planning and attention to detail. By following these steps and ensuring you have all the required MVA documentation, you can successfully navigate the system and get on the road in Maryland.